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Chance and selection in the evolutio...

Rutter, Matthew Thomas.

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Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism./
Author:	Rutter, Matthew Thomas.
Description:	191 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-09, Section: B, page: 4025.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International63-09B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063202
ISBN:	0493819584

Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism.
Rutter, Matthew Thomas.

Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism. - 191 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-09, Section: B, page: 4025.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 2002.

Mutualisms and commensalisms are ubiquitous and of fundamental ecological importance. However, we lack basic information about the ecological and evolutionary forces involved in the maintenance or transformation of many of these relationships. This dissertation takes two approaches to investigate the ecological genetics of positive species interactions. First, evolutionary change after 1000 generations of coexistence in a bacterial commensalism was documented. Additionally, the ecological and evolutionary ramifications of variation in an ant-plant mutualism were evaluated.

ISBN: 0493819584Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism.
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100 1 $a Rutter, Matthew Thomas. $3 1251304
245 1 0 $a Chance and selection in the evolution of positive species interactions: An ant-plant mutualism and a bacterial commensalism.
300 $a 191 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 63-09, Section: B, page: 4025.
500 $a Supervisor: Mark D. Rausher.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 2002.
520 $a Mutualisms and commensalisms are ubiquitous and of fundamental ecological importance. However, we lack basic information about the ecological and evolutionary forces involved in the maintenance or transformation of many of these relationships. This dissertation takes two approaches to investigate the ecological genetics of positive species interactions. First, evolutionary change after 1000 generations of coexistence in a bacterial commensalism was documented. Additionally, the ecological and evolutionary ramifications of variation in an ant-plant mutualism were evaluated.
520 $a I observed the results of 1000 generations of evolutionary change in a commensalism between two bacteria, <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> and <italic> Enterococcus faecalis</italic>. The interaction changed unpredictably into parasitism or commensalism. There was not predictable change in the magnitude or direction of the interaction effects. Control strains that had evolved in isolation also experienced change that affected the interaction, but this background effect did not explain all changes in cohabiting lines. Local coadaptation had little apparent effect, and mutation and drift are likely explanations for differences between lines.
520 $a To document the role of natural selection in the interaction between the plant <italic>Chamaecrista fasciculata</italic>, its herbivores, and its ant mutualists, I measured the relationship between fitness and a mutualistic trait (extrafloral nectar production). The patterns of selection in three environments (unmanipulated control plants, plants treated with insecticide, and plants from which ants had been excluded) were compared. When correlations with plant size were accounted for, I found evidence of stabilizing selection on extrafloral nectar volume consistent with a balance of costs and benefits of nectar production.
520 $a Finally, to evaluate the role of variation in nectar production on ant recruitment, I constructed a pump to simulate nectar production at biologically reasonable rates. I used this pump to test the impact of variation in nectar characters on ant recruitment in a natural community of ants. I demonstrated that variation in rate of nectar production, nectar sugar concentration, and nectary number all had an effect on ant recruitment, but that this effect was mediated by preference differences between ant species, and by the spatial position of the plants. Implications of these findings for evolutionary change in the mutualism are discussed.
590 $a School code: 0066.
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Biology, Genetics. $3 1017730
650 4 $a Biology, Microbiology. $3 1017734
690 $a 0329
690 $a 0369
690 $a 0410
710 2 0 $a Duke University. $3 569686
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 63-09B.
790 $a 0066
790 1 0 $a Rausher, Mark D., $e advisor
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2002
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3063202