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Self- Awareness Processes in Motivat...

McKenna, Clint.

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Self- Awareness Processes in Motivated Reasoning.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Self- Awareness Processes in Motivated Reasoning./
Author:	McKenna, Clint.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2024,
Description:	108 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-12B.
Subject:	Psychology. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31349136
ISBN:	9798382741284

Self- Awareness Processes in Motivated Reasoning.
McKenna, Clint.

Self- Awareness Processes in Motivated Reasoning. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024 - 108 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.

People have limited introspective access to many mental processes. In this dissertation, I test whether people can report self-awareness of motivational influences. Specifically, I investigate the phenomenon of motivated reasoning, where people's decisions and evaluations of information are biased in favor or one's attitudes, beliefs, and identities. In six empirical studies, people show limited ability to report the extent that their prior beliefs influence their reasoning. In Studies 1 - 3, I demonstrate that people update their beliefs consistent with their motivations, but do not report awareness of this influence consistently, or in a manner that aligns with a peer's perception of them. In Studies 4-5, I show similar effects with a simulated political ballot counting task. Awareness was generally underreported relative to peers, but those who were greatly biased tended to report more perceived influence of political beliefs. Finally, in Study 6, I introduce an incentive-compatible reward task that maximizes the likelihood of honest responses. In this study, people evaluate the political ballots honestly, eliminating a possible counter-explanation about normative views of motivated evaluation. In sum, this dissertation advances our understanding of metacognitive processes related to motivated reasoning. I find that while people engage in motivated reasoning, they often underreport awareness of how their desires are influencing their decisions.

ISBN: 9798382741284Subjects--Topical Terms:

519075
Psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Reasoning

Self- Awareness Processes in Motivated Reasoning.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
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520 $a People have limited introspective access to many mental processes. In this dissertation, I test whether people can report self-awareness of motivational influences. Specifically, I investigate the phenomenon of motivated reasoning, where people's decisions and evaluations of information are biased in favor or one's attitudes, beliefs, and identities. In six empirical studies, people show limited ability to report the extent that their prior beliefs influence their reasoning. In Studies 1 - 3, I demonstrate that people update their beliefs consistent with their motivations, but do not report awareness of this influence consistently, or in a manner that aligns with a peer's perception of them. In Studies 4-5, I show similar effects with a simulated political ballot counting task. Awareness was generally underreported relative to peers, but those who were greatly biased tended to report more perceived influence of political beliefs. Finally, in Study 6, I introduce an incentive-compatible reward task that maximizes the likelihood of honest responses. In this study, people evaluate the political ballots honestly, eliminating a possible counter-explanation about normative views of motivated evaluation. In sum, this dissertation advances our understanding of metacognitive processes related to motivated reasoning. I find that while people engage in motivated reasoning, they often underreport awareness of how their desires are influencing their decisions.
590 $a School code: 0127.
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650 4 $a Personality psychology. $3 2144789
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653 $a Politics
653 $a Metacognitive processes
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