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The Use of Organic Waste Products as...

Morash, Jennifer Dawn.

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The Use of Organic Waste Products as Soil Amendments for Turfgrass Establishment: Effects and Regulatory Influences.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Use of Organic Waste Products as Soil Amendments for Turfgrass Establishment: Effects and Regulatory Influences./
Author:	Morash, Jennifer Dawn.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2024,
Description:	192 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-12A.
Subject:	Agronomy. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30988544
ISBN:	9798383165294

The Use of Organic Waste Products as Soil Amendments for Turfgrass Establishment: Effects and Regulatory Influences.
Morash, Jennifer Dawn.

The Use of Organic Waste Products as Soil Amendments for Turfgrass Establishment: Effects and Regulatory Influences. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024 - 192 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2024.

The use of organic waste products as soil amendments in highly disturbed urban soil is poised to grow due to rising fertilizer costs, waste-management issues, and greater emphasis on creating sustainable circular economies. Despite the advantages of using waste products as organic amendments to enhance fertility, their incorrect use may result in short-term unintended consequences such as nutrient losses or the immobilization of plant-essential nutrients, which could diminish efforts to establish vegetation on disturbed soil. To avoid these consequences, transportation authorities - cited as the largest users of compost in some states - have implemented measures to improve product specifications. This research details the efforts of one such organization, the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA), and the results of an initiative to increase the quality of manufactured topsoil and compost use through agency topsoil specifications. After determining which products were most likely to be incorporated into manufactured topsoil (finely shredded wood mulch and composted leaf yard waste), two greenhouse microcosm experiments were conducted to evaluate plant growth responses and the efficiency of nutrient uptake compared to leachate losses when those amendments were used in accordance with MDOT SHA specifications. Composted yard waste provided excellent results while wood mulch suppressed growth in the short-term studies. A biosolids treatment was included in the experiments due to widespread availability and growing interest. Biosolids improved soil fertility and plant growth. However, the difference between nitrogen (N) uptake and leachate mass losses required a second set of experiments, to quantify the effects of four biosolids amendments on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and leachate losses. Treatments were applied at the rate recommended by UMD for turfgrass establishment (2.54 cm, incorporated) and included fresh biosolids, biosolids that were stockpiled for two years, two blended products made from either the fresh or aged biosolids and fine wood mulch, an inorganic fertilizer, and a control. Aging and wood fines reduced N leaching losses but at the expense of N inputs to soil. The cumulative N leachate mass loss from the new biosolids treatment was 63 times greater than the cumulative fertilizer total. Aging did not reduce phosphorus (P) leaching losses but wood fines did by diluting the concentration of P in blends. However, biosolids mostly retained P in the soil and cumulative fertilizer losses were 2 times higher. Overall, growth measurements showed that biosolids enhanced growth during the first and second growing seasons. However, based on the results of this research, 2.54 cm of pure biosolids is not required to enhance turfgrass establishment. An application of 1.27 cm of pure biosolids or 2.54 cm of a{A0}biosolid/wood fine blend should provide comparable enhanced turfgrass growth results while reducing overall nutrient leachate losses.{A0}

ISBN: 9798383165294Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122783
Agronomy.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Biosolids

The Use of Organic Waste Products as Soil Amendments for Turfgrass Establishment: Effects and Regulatory Influences.
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520 $a The use of organic waste products as soil amendments in highly disturbed urban soil is poised to grow due to rising fertilizer costs, waste-management issues, and greater emphasis on creating sustainable circular economies. Despite the advantages of using waste products as organic amendments to enhance fertility, their incorrect use may result in short-term unintended consequences such as nutrient losses or the immobilization of plant-essential nutrients, which could diminish efforts to establish vegetation on disturbed soil. To avoid these consequences, transportation authorities - cited as the largest users of compost in some states - have implemented measures to improve product specifications. This research details the efforts of one such organization, the Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration (MDOT SHA), and the results of an initiative to increase the quality of manufactured topsoil and compost use through agency topsoil specifications. After determining which products were most likely to be incorporated into manufactured topsoil (finely shredded wood mulch and composted leaf yard waste), two greenhouse microcosm experiments were conducted to evaluate plant growth responses and the efficiency of nutrient uptake compared to leachate losses when those amendments were used in accordance with MDOT SHA specifications. Composted yard waste provided excellent results while wood mulch suppressed growth in the short-term studies. A biosolids treatment was included in the experiments due to widespread availability and growing interest. Biosolids improved soil fertility and plant growth. However, the difference between nitrogen (N) uptake and leachate mass losses required a second set of experiments, to quantify the effects of four biosolids amendments on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and leachate losses. Treatments were applied at the rate recommended by UMD for turfgrass establishment (2.54 cm, incorporated) and included fresh biosolids, biosolids that were stockpiled for two years, two blended products made from either the fresh or aged biosolids and fine wood mulch, an inorganic fertilizer, and a control. Aging and wood fines reduced N leaching losses but at the expense of N inputs to soil. The cumulative N leachate mass loss from the new biosolids treatment was 63 times greater than the cumulative fertilizer total. Aging did not reduce phosphorus (P) leaching losses but wood fines did by diluting the concentration of P in blends. However, biosolids mostly retained P in the soil and cumulative fertilizer losses were 2 times higher. Overall, growth measurements showed that biosolids enhanced growth during the first and second growing seasons. However, based on the results of this research, 2.54 cm of pure biosolids is not required to enhance turfgrass establishment. An application of 1.27 cm of pure biosolids or 2.54 cm of a{A0}biosolid/wood fine blend should provide comparable enhanced turfgrass growth results while reducing overall nutrient leachate losses.{A0}
590 $a School code: 0117.
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650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 555447
650 4 $a Plant sciences. $3 3173832
650 4 $a Landscape architecture. $3 541842
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653 $a Organic amendments
653 $a Turfgrass establishment
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690 $a 0768
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710 2 $a University of Maryland, College Park. $b Plant Science and Landscape Architecture (PSLA). $3 3691253
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