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Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices = = Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices =/
Reminder of title:	Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices.
Author:	Maldonado, Vanessa.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
Description:	192 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-10B.
Subject:	Chemical engineering. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29068946
ISBN:	9798426817593

Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices = = Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices.
Maldonado, Vanessa.

Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices =Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 192 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2022.

The ubiquitous presence of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment resulted in extensive water contamination that poses a significant risk to human health and biota. Continuous research efforts aim to develop efficient treatment technologies to treat PFAS in water, break the PFAS accumulation cycle in the environment, and improve the efficiency of emerging technologies. In this thesis work, selected treatment technologies including electrochemical oxidation and dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption were used to assess and advance the state-of-the-art for PFAS remediation in multiple matrices, not previously addressed.A boron-doped diamond (BDD) flow-through cell was used to evaluate the electrochemical oxidation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in landfill leachates. Multiple leachates with a concentration of individual PFAAs in the range of 102 -104 ng/L were treated. The effect of current density and variability of the composition of leachates was investigated. Non-detect levels and >90% removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were reached for all leachates tested after electrochemical treatment. Although high removal efficiencies for long-chain PFAAs were obtained, high concentrations of short-chain PFAAs were generated and associated with the transformation of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursor compounds.In the second part of this thesis research, the oxidative transformation of PFAA-precursors typically present in leachates was addressed for the first time. Target and suspect PFAS were identified in a landfill leachate and their concentrations during electrochemical treatment were quantified over time. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) measurements of the leachate identified 53 PFAS compounds and 19 PFAS classes. Multiple PFAS were reported for the first time in landfill leachates. The evaluation of the intermediate and final products generated during the electrochemical treatment showed evidence of known electrochemical degradation pathways.Coupling destructive technologies (e.g., electrochemical oxidation) with concentration technologies (e.g., ion exchange (IX), adsorption) in a treatment train approach could reduce the treatment cost of destructive technologies and increase their feasibility. Therefore, in the next part of this work, electrochemical oxidation of PFAAs from the concentrated waste of IX still bottoms was assessed at laboratory and semi-pilot scales. The concentrated waste resulted from the treatment of PFAAs-impacted groundwater with IX resins. Multiple current densities were evaluated at laboratory scale and the optimum current density was used at the semi-pilot scale. The results at the laboratory and semi-pilot scales allowed for >99% and >94% removal of total PFAAs with 50 mA/cm2, respectively. Defluorination values, energy consumption, and implications were discussed.The third matrix addressed for PFAS remediation was drinking water. Dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption was used for the removal of low concentrations of PFOA. This study introduced a coaxial-electrode cell (CEC) that allowed for the generation of a non-uniform electric field to enhance the adsorption of PFOA. Experiments were performed in batch and continuous-flow modes. The dielectrophoretic-enhanced adsorption in batch mode resulted in a 4, 7, and 8-fold increase in the removal of PFOA with 5, 25, and 50 V when compared to adsorption only. The performance of the CEC in continuous-flow mode allowed for an increase of up to 2.4-fold in the PFOA removal with 25 V. The results highlighted the benefits of using a dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption process for the removal of PFOA from water. Overall, results from this thesis contribute to the understanding of the electrochemical degradation of PFAS in multiple matrices and introduce an alternative process to enhance the widely used adsorption technology for PFAS removal. Treatment implications of each matrix are discussed and provide a clear baseline for future research, development, and scale-up of treatment technologies for PFAS remediation.

ISBN: 9798426817593Subjects--Topical Terms:

560457
Chemical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Dielectrophoresis

Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices = = Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices.
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245 1 0 $a Assessment of Water Treatment Technologies for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Matrices = $b Evaluacion de Tecnologias de Tratamiento de Agua para Sustancias Per- y Polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en Multiples Matrices.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2022
300 $a 192 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-10, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Fan, Qi Hua.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2022.
520 $a The ubiquitous presence of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment resulted in extensive water contamination that poses a significant risk to human health and biota. Continuous research efforts aim to develop efficient treatment technologies to treat PFAS in water, break the PFAS accumulation cycle in the environment, and improve the efficiency of emerging technologies. In this thesis work, selected treatment technologies including electrochemical oxidation and dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption were used to assess and advance the state-of-the-art for PFAS remediation in multiple matrices, not previously addressed.A boron-doped diamond (BDD) flow-through cell was used to evaluate the electrochemical oxidation of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in landfill leachates. Multiple leachates with a concentration of individual PFAAs in the range of 102 -104 ng/L were treated. The effect of current density and variability of the composition of leachates was investigated. Non-detect levels and >90% removal of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were reached for all leachates tested after electrochemical treatment. Although high removal efficiencies for long-chain PFAAs were obtained, high concentrations of short-chain PFAAs were generated and associated with the transformation of perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursor compounds.In the second part of this thesis research, the oxidative transformation of PFAA-precursors typically present in leachates was addressed for the first time. Target and suspect PFAS were identified in a landfill leachate and their concentrations during electrochemical treatment were quantified over time. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF) measurements of the leachate identified 53 PFAS compounds and 19 PFAS classes. Multiple PFAS were reported for the first time in landfill leachates. The evaluation of the intermediate and final products generated during the electrochemical treatment showed evidence of known electrochemical degradation pathways.Coupling destructive technologies (e.g., electrochemical oxidation) with concentration technologies (e.g., ion exchange (IX), adsorption) in a treatment train approach could reduce the treatment cost of destructive technologies and increase their feasibility. Therefore, in the next part of this work, electrochemical oxidation of PFAAs from the concentrated waste of IX still bottoms was assessed at laboratory and semi-pilot scales. The concentrated waste resulted from the treatment of PFAAs-impacted groundwater with IX resins. Multiple current densities were evaluated at laboratory scale and the optimum current density was used at the semi-pilot scale. The results at the laboratory and semi-pilot scales allowed for >99% and >94% removal of total PFAAs with 50 mA/cm2, respectively. Defluorination values, energy consumption, and implications were discussed.The third matrix addressed for PFAS remediation was drinking water. Dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption was used for the removal of low concentrations of PFOA. This study introduced a coaxial-electrode cell (CEC) that allowed for the generation of a non-uniform electric field to enhance the adsorption of PFOA. Experiments were performed in batch and continuous-flow modes. The dielectrophoretic-enhanced adsorption in batch mode resulted in a 4, 7, and 8-fold increase in the removal of PFOA with 5, 25, and 50 V when compared to adsorption only. The performance of the CEC in continuous-flow mode allowed for an increase of up to 2.4-fold in the PFOA removal with 25 V. The results highlighted the benefits of using a dielectrophoresis-enhanced adsorption process for the removal of PFOA from water. Overall, results from this thesis contribute to the understanding of the electrochemical degradation of PFAS in multiple matrices and introduce an alternative process to enhance the widely used adsorption technology for PFAS removal. Treatment implications of each matrix are discussed and provide a clear baseline for future research, development, and scale-up of treatment technologies for PFAS remediation.
520 $a La presencia ubicua de sustancias per-y polifluoroalquiladas (PFAS) en el medio ambiente resulto en una gran contaminacion del agua que representa un riesgo significativo para la salud humana y la biota. Los continuos esfuerzos de investigacion tienen como objetivo desarrollar tecnologias de tratamiento eficientes para tratar PFAS en el agua, romper el ciclo de acumulacion de PFAS en el medio ambiente y mejorar la eficiencia de las tecnologias emergentes. En este trabajo de tesis, se utilizaron tecnologias de tratamiento seleccionadas que incluyen oxidacion electroquimica y adsorcion mejorada por dielectroforesis para evaluar y avanzar en el estado del arte para la remediacion de PFAS en multiples matrices, que no se abordaron anteriormente.Se utilizo una celda de flujo continuo de diamante dopado con boro (BDD) para evaluar la oxidacion electroquimica de los acidos de perfluoroalquilo (PFAA) en los lixiviados de los vertederos. Se trataron multiples lixiviados con una concentracion de PFAA individuales en el rango de 10.
520 $a 2 -10.
520 $a 4 ng/L. Se investigo el efecto de la densidad de corriente y la variabilidad de la composicion de los lixiviados. Se alcanzaron niveles no detectados y >90 % de eliminacion de sulfonato de perfluorooctano (PFOS) y acido perfluorooctanoico (PFOA) para todos los lixiviados analizados despues del tratamiento electroquimico. Aunque se obtuvieron altas eficiencias de eliminacion de PFAA de cadena larga, se generaron altas concentraciones de PFAA de cadena corta y se asociaron con la transformacion de compuestos precursores de acido perfluoroalquilo (PFAA).En la segunda parte de esta investigacion de tesis, se abordo por primera vez la transformacion oxidativa de los precursores de PFAA tipicamente presentes en los lixiviados. Se identificaron PFAS objetivos y sospechosos en un lixiviado de vertedero y se cuantificaron sus concentraciones durante el tratamiento electroquimico a lo largo del tiempo. Las mediciones de espectrometria de masas de tiempo de vuelo de cuadrupolo con cromatografia liquida (LC-QToF) del lixiviado identificaron 53 compuestos de PFAS y 19 clases de PFAS. Se informaron multiples PFAS por primera vez en lixiviados de vertederos. La evaluacion de los productos intermedios y finales generados durante el tratamiento electroquimico mostro evidencia de rutas de degradacion electroquimica conocidas.Combinar tecnologias destructivas (p. ej., oxidacion electroquimica) con tecnologias de concentracion (p. ej., intercambio ionico (IX), adsorcion) en un enfoque de tren de tratamiento podria reducir el costo de tratamiento de las tecnologias destructivas y aumentar su viabilidad. Por lo tanto, en la siguiente parte de este trabajo, se evaluo la oxidacion electroquimica de los PFAA de los residuos concentrados de los fondos de destilacion IX a escala de laboratorio y semipiloto. Los residuos concentrados resultaron del tratamiento de aguas subterraneas impactadas con PFAA con resinas de intercambio ionico. Se evaluaron multiples densidades de corriente a escala de laboratorio y se utilizo la densidad de corriente optima a escala semipiloto. Los resultados a escala de laboratorio y semipiloto permitieron una eliminacion de >99 % y >94 % de los PFAA totales con 50 mA/cm.
520 $a 2, respectivamente. Se discutieron los valores de defluoracion, el consumo de energia y las implicaciones.La tercera matriz abordada para la remediacion de PFAS fue el agua potable. Se utilizo adsorcion mejorada por dielectroforesis para la eliminacion de bajas concentraciones de PFOA. Este estudio introdujo una celda de electrodo coaxial (CEC) que permitio la generacion de un campo electrico no uniforme para mejorar la adsorcion de PFOA. Los experimentos se realizaron en modo discontinuo y flujo continuo. La adsorcion mejorada con dielectroforesis en modo discontinuo dio como resultado un aumento de 4, 7 y 8 veces en la eliminacion de PFOA con 5, 25 y 50 V en comparacion con la adsorcion solamente. El rendimiento del CEC en modo de flujo continuo permitio un aumento de hasta 2,4 veces en la eliminacion de PFOA con 25 V. Los resultados destacaron los beneficios de usar un proceso de adsorcion mejorado por dielectroforesis para la eliminacion de PFOA del agua. En general, los resultados de esta tesis contribuyen a la comprension de la degradacion electroquimica de PFAS en multiples matrices e introducen un proceso alternativo para mejorar la tecnologia de adsorcion ampliamente utilizada para la eliminacion de PFAS. Las implicaciones de tratamiento de cada matriz se discuten y proporcionan una linea de base clara para futuras investigaciones, desarrollos y escalabilidad de tecnologias de tratamiento para la remediacion de PFAS.
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650 4 $a Environmental engineering. $3 548583
650 4 $a Electrical engineering. $3 649834
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653 $a Dielectrophoresis
653 $a Electrochemical oxidation
653 $a Ion exchange
653 $a Leachates
653 $a PFAS
653 $a Wastewater treatment
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