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Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum./
Author:	Sang, Wendy Ng Kwong.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2023,
Description:	84 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-05.
Subject:	Infections. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30718187
ISBN:	9798380705837

Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum.
Sang, Wendy Ng Kwong.

Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023 - 84 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2023.

Background:Initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life can prevent 22% of infant mortality. The unique composition of human milk makes breastfeeding among the most determining factors in a newborn's health and development. Besides its nutritional and bioactive components, human milk has its own diverse microbiome. Several factors were found to modulate these bacterial communities, including maternal factors and breastfeeding practices such as exclusive, predominant, and mixed feeding. However, the impact of initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour postpartum on the human milk microbiome has not previously been explored.Objectives:To investigate the impact of initiation of breastfeeding within one hour postpartum on the human milk microbiome in early (<6 weeks postpartum) and established (4-6 months postpartum) lactation.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 61 breast milk samples from unrelated mothers living in eight remote Mam-speaking communities of Guatemala were analyzed for microbiome using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Samples were divided into four groups based on the breastfeeding practice (yes/no initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour postpartum) and lactation stage (early lactation at <6 weeks postpartum or established lactation at 4-6 months postpartum). Differential abundance analysis was conducted in R software to compare the milk microbial communities of the two breastfeeding groups at two lactation stages.Results: Milk of mothers who initiated breastfeeding within one hour postpartum was characterized with significantly higher abundance of commensals including the lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus gasseri (log2 fold change [FC] = 9), Staphylococcus epidermis (log2 FC = 9) and Streptococcus salivarius (log2 FC = 5), from the phylum Firmicutes than milk of mothers who did not breastfeed within the first hour, at both <6 weeks and 4-6 months postpartum. Conversely, milk of mothers who did not breastfeed within the first hour postpartum was identified as having higher abundance of environmental, opportunistic pathogens such as Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (log2 FC = -8), Kocuria rhizophila (log2 FC = -9) and Solimonadaceae(log2 FC = -11), from the phylum Proteobacteria compared to milk of mothers who breastfed within the first hour, at <6 weeks postpartum and persisted at 4-6 months postpartum. We also noted a higher number of differentially abundant taxa between milk of mothers who breastfed within the first hour and those who did not, at 4-6 months postpartum than at <6 weeks postpartum.Conclusion:Initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour postpartum is associated with the human milk microbiome with a higher abundance of pioneer commensal bacteria both at <6 weeks and 4-6 months postpartum. These findings also highlight the large number of unidentified ESVs in the human milk microbiome that remains to be classified.

ISBN: 9798380705837Subjects--Topical Terms:

1621997
Infections.

Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum.
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245 1 0 $a Breastfeeding and the Human Milk Microbiome: Impact of Initiating Feeding in the First Hour Postpartum.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05.
500 $a Advisor: Koski, Kristine.
502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2023.
520 $a Background:Initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of life can prevent 22% of infant mortality. The unique composition of human milk makes breastfeeding among the most determining factors in a newborn's health and development. Besides its nutritional and bioactive components, human milk has its own diverse microbiome. Several factors were found to modulate these bacterial communities, including maternal factors and breastfeeding practices such as exclusive, predominant, and mixed feeding. However, the impact of initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour postpartum on the human milk microbiome has not previously been explored.Objectives:To investigate the impact of initiation of breastfeeding within one hour postpartum on the human milk microbiome in early (<6 weeks postpartum) and established (4-6 months postpartum) lactation.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 61 breast milk samples from unrelated mothers living in eight remote Mam-speaking communities of Guatemala were analyzed for microbiome using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Samples were divided into four groups based on the breastfeeding practice (yes/no initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour postpartum) and lactation stage (early lactation at <6 weeks postpartum or established lactation at 4-6 months postpartum). Differential abundance analysis was conducted in R software to compare the milk microbial communities of the two breastfeeding groups at two lactation stages.Results: Milk of mothers who initiated breastfeeding within one hour postpartum was characterized with significantly higher abundance of commensals including the lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus gasseri (log2 fold change [FC] = 9), Staphylococcus epidermis (log2 FC = 9) and Streptococcus salivarius (log2 FC = 5), from the phylum Firmicutes than milk of mothers who did not breastfeed within the first hour, at both <6 weeks and 4-6 months postpartum. Conversely, milk of mothers who did not breastfeed within the first hour postpartum was identified as having higher abundance of environmental, opportunistic pathogens such as Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (log2 FC = -8), Kocuria rhizophila (log2 FC = -9) and Solimonadaceae(log2 FC = -11), from the phylum Proteobacteria compared to milk of mothers who breastfed within the first hour, at <6 weeks postpartum and persisted at 4-6 months postpartum. We also noted a higher number of differentially abundant taxa between milk of mothers who breastfed within the first hour and those who did not, at 4-6 months postpartum than at <6 weeks postpartum.Conclusion:Initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour postpartum is associated with the human milk microbiome with a higher abundance of pioneer commensal bacteria both at <6 weeks and 4-6 months postpartum. These findings also highlight the large number of unidentified ESVs in the human milk microbiome that remains to be classified.
520 $a Contexte de la recherche:L'initiation de l'allaitement maternel humain des la premiere heure apres la naissance peut prevenir 22% de la mortalite infantile. La composition singuliere du lait maternel humain fait de l'allaitement l'un des facteurs les plus determinants de la sante et le developpement du nourrisson. Au-dela de sa valeur nutritionnelle et ses composants bioactifs, le lait maternel contient egalement un microbiome diversifie. Plusieurs elements peuvent moduler la composition de ces communautes bacteriennes, notamment les facteurs maternels et les pratiques d'allaitement maternel tels que l'allaitement exclusif, l'allaitement predominant et l'allaitement mixte. Cependant, l'effet de l'allaitement maternel dans la premiere heure postpartum sur le microbiome du lait maternel n'a jamais ete etudie auparavant.Objectif:Evaluer l'effet de l'allaitement maternel dans la premiere heure post-partum sur le microbiome du lait maternel au niveau des especes au debut de la periode de lactation (<6 semaines post-partum) et au cours de la lactation etablie (4-6 mois post-partum)Methodologie:Dans cette etude transversale, 61 echantillons de lait maternel de meres non apparentees provenant de huit communautes guatemalteques eloignees, parlant le Mam, ont ete analyses au niveau du microbiome en utilisant le sequencage du gene de l'ARN ribosomal 16S. Les echantillons ont ete divises en quatre groupes en fonction de la pratique d'allaitement dans la premiere heure de la naissance [initiation precoce de l'allaitement: Oui/Non] et la phase de lactation (en debut de lactation a <6 semaines post-partum, ou au cours de la lactation etablie a 4-6 mois post-partum). L'analyse d'abondance differentielle a ete effectuee dans le logiciel R pour comparer les communautes bacteriennes du lait maternel des deux groupes de la pratique d'allaitement [initiation precoce de l'allaitement: Oui/Non] aux deux phases de lactation.Resultats: Le lait des meres qui ont initie l'allaitement desla premiere heure de la naissance etait caracterise par une abondance significativement plus elevee en especes commensales incluant le probiotique et la bacterie lactique, Lactobacillus gasseri (log2 fold change [FC] = 9), Staphylococcus epidermis (log2 FC = 9) et Streptococcus salivarius (log2 FC = 5), du phylum Firmicutes par rapport au lait des meres qui n'ont pas allaite des la premiere heure, a la fois a <6 semaines post-partum et a 4-6 mois post-partum. A l'inverse, le lait des meres qui n'ont pas initie l'allaitement des la premiere heure a ete marque par une abondance plus importante d'agents pathogenes opportunistes environnementaux tel que Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (log2 FC = - 8), Kocuria rhizophila (log2 FC = -9) and Solimonadaceae(log2 FC = -11), du phylum Proteobacteries par rapport au lait des meres qui ont initie l'allaitement dans la premiere heure de la naissance, a <6 semaines post-partum et a persiste a 4-6 mois post-partum. Nous avons egalement constate un nombre plus eleve de taxons differentiellement abondants entre le lait des meres qui ont allaite dans la premiere heure et celles qui ne l'ont pas fait, a 4-6 mois postpartum qu'a <6 semaines post-partum.Conclusion:L'initation de l'allaitement maternel dans la premiere heure qui suit la naissance est associee au microbiome du lait maternel avec une abondance superieure en especes commensales pionnieres a la fois a <6 semaines post-partum et a 4-6 mois post-partum. Ces resultats soulignent egalement le grand nombre d'especes non identifiees dans le microbiote du lait maternel qui reste a etre repertorie.
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