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Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshe...

Loder, Amanda Lily.

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Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshes and Implications for Wetland Conservation and Restoration.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshes and Implications for Wetland Conservation and Restoration./
作者:	Loder, Amanda Lily.
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
面頁冊數:	250 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-06B.
標題:	Physical geography. -
電子資源:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29394786
ISBN:	9798357549167

Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshes and Implications for Wetland Conservation and Restoration.
Loder, Amanda Lily.

Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshes and Implications for Wetland Conservation and Restoration. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 250 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2022.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Wetland conservation and restoration are at the forefront of natural climate solutions for mitigating the climate crisis by storing carbon in soils. However, carbon accumulation in temperate freshwater marsh soils, and how environmental change and restoration affect carbon burial and preservation in these contexts, remain poorly constrained. In this dissertation, I use paleoecological and geochemical analyses to quantify rates of carbon accumulation and carbon masses of undrained and restored mineral-based freshwater marsh soils, and assess how these are affected by environmental change, including climatic events, land use and restoration, and in-situ processes. I demonstrate that rates of carbon accumulation in undrained freshwater marshes are under certain circumstances high and comparable to those measured in temperate peatlands and salt marshes. Assessments of organic matter quality using programmed pyrolysis and carbon to nitrogen ratios show that short-term rates over decadal time scales are particularly high due to labile organic fractions which degrade and consequently dampen long-term rates of organic carbon accumulation. Using a marsh core spanning ~6,000 years, I show that large inundation events and lake highstands enhance long-term burial and preservation of organic carbon in marsh soils. I also examine diatom assemblages in this paleorecord to show that ecological communities in freshwater marshes have undergone major shifts following European settlement in tandem with land use pressures in the temperate region including hydrological alteration, invasive species, sedimentation and eutrophication. Nonetheless, conservation and protection of undrained freshwater marshes should be given high priority because they can stabilize several meters of soil carbon stocks, which take decades to centuries to recover through restoration. A comparison of soil properties in restored and reference marshes in the same watersheds shows that sites with impermeable substrates, low-lying terrain and connectivity to a larger network of waterbodies or wetland ecosystems have greater soil carbon preservation and should be prioritized where restoration is necessary. I demonstrate the value of using paleoecological data to assess wetland habitat conditions and carbon accumulation before and after European settlement when devising wetland conservation and restoration measures as natural climate solutions. My dissertation also highlights how well-defined time scales are critical when measuring the mitigation potential of undrained and restored freshwater marshes.

ISBN: 9798357549167Subjects--Topical Terms:

516662
Physical geography.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Wetland conservation

Carbon Dynamics in Freshwater Marshes and Implications for Wetland Conservation and Restoration.
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520 $a Wetland conservation and restoration are at the forefront of natural climate solutions for mitigating the climate crisis by storing carbon in soils. However, carbon accumulation in temperate freshwater marsh soils, and how environmental change and restoration affect carbon burial and preservation in these contexts, remain poorly constrained. In this dissertation, I use paleoecological and geochemical analyses to quantify rates of carbon accumulation and carbon masses of undrained and restored mineral-based freshwater marsh soils, and assess how these are affected by environmental change, including climatic events, land use and restoration, and in-situ processes. I demonstrate that rates of carbon accumulation in undrained freshwater marshes are under certain circumstances high and comparable to those measured in temperate peatlands and salt marshes. Assessments of organic matter quality using programmed pyrolysis and carbon to nitrogen ratios show that short-term rates over decadal time scales are particularly high due to labile organic fractions which degrade and consequently dampen long-term rates of organic carbon accumulation. Using a marsh core spanning ~6,000 years, I show that large inundation events and lake highstands enhance long-term burial and preservation of organic carbon in marsh soils. I also examine diatom assemblages in this paleorecord to show that ecological communities in freshwater marshes have undergone major shifts following European settlement in tandem with land use pressures in the temperate region including hydrological alteration, invasive species, sedimentation and eutrophication. Nonetheless, conservation and protection of undrained freshwater marshes should be given high priority because they can stabilize several meters of soil carbon stocks, which take decades to centuries to recover through restoration. A comparison of soil properties in restored and reference marshes in the same watersheds shows that sites with impermeable substrates, low-lying terrain and connectivity to a larger network of waterbodies or wetland ecosystems have greater soil carbon preservation and should be prioritized where restoration is necessary. I demonstrate the value of using paleoecological data to assess wetland habitat conditions and carbon accumulation before and after European settlement when devising wetland conservation and restoration measures as natural climate solutions. My dissertation also highlights how well-defined time scales are critical when measuring the mitigation potential of undrained and restored freshwater marshes.
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