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Technology Transitions in the Electricity and Automotive Sectors : = Embracing Political, Social, and Economic Constraints.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Technology Transitions in the Electricity and Automotive Sectors :/
Reminder of title:	Embracing Political, Social, and Economic Constraints.
Author:	Cotterman, Turner Lee.
Description:	1 online resource (136 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-11B.
Subject:	Engineering. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=29208724click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798438737803

Technology Transitions in the Electricity and Automotive Sectors : = Embracing Political, Social, and Economic Constraints.
Cotterman, Turner Lee.

Technology Transitions in the Electricity and Automotive Sectors :Embracing Political, Social, and Economic Constraints. - 1 online resource (136 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

This dissertation is motivated by the urgency to rapidly and deeply reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. We have the set of technologies at our disposal to address this complex environmental objective, but their deployment is complicated by the evolving political, social, and economic landscapes that present challenges as well as opportunities. I focus on two mitigation technology approaches--low-carbon energy generation and vehicle electrification--with consideration of their broader influences and impacts.In the first study (Chapter 2), I examine how socio-technical constraints affect the most feasible technology pathways for decarbonization. I develop a probabilistic representation of social acceptance characterized by technological risk tolerance and pair it with an energy system optimization model to evaluate techno-economic projections of energy technologies within the context of societal processes. The integration of these two models, demonstrated through an illustrative example of nuclear power in the U.S., finds that overall system costs may increase and select technology availability may decrease due to the presence of societal preferences. This work asserts that quantitative modeling of energy and economic systems can be supported by insights into real-world processes and socio-technical influences.In the second study (Chapter 3), I assess how labor demand (measured in hours) differs between internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) manufacturing for powertrain components. I collect detailed data on the production process steps required to build key ICEV and BEV powertrain components and the labor required for each process step from the existing literature and the shop floors of leading automotive manufacturers. I then use this data to build a production process model that determines the labor hours required to produce ICEV and BEV powertrain components in a variety of scenarios subject to different production volumes and labor efficiency levels. I find that BEV powertrains require more labor hours, at least in the short- to medium-term. These results emphasize the importance of using process step-level information about manufacturing processes and labor requirements to estimate the labor impacts of vehicle electrification.In the third study (Chapter 4), I evaluate how worker skill requirements differ between ICEV and BEV manufacturing, again for powertrain components. I interview ICEV and BEV shop floor workers (i.e., operators, technicians, supervisors) on the labor tasks required for the powertrain production steps from the previous study. I use the O*NET survey instrument and comparative descriptive statistics to evaluate the level of skills required for the two different vehicle technologies. I find that the skill requirements for manufacturing BEV powertrain components lie within the range of skill requirements for ICEV powertrain components and that production practices used by BEV manufacturers may increase demand for fuller worker skillsets.These studies can support decision-making by energy and automotive firms, policymakers, organized labor, and other stakeholders and enable more effective strategies for achieving decarbonization and vehicle electrification goals. They also contribute to a more complete understanding of the potential socio-technical constraints facing and impacts by technologies within the ongoing low-carbon transition.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798438737803Subjects--Topical Terms:

586835
Engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

DecarbonizationIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Technology Transitions in the Electricity and Automotive Sectors : = Embracing Political, Social, and Economic Constraints.
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520 $a This dissertation is motivated by the urgency to rapidly and deeply reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. We have the set of technologies at our disposal to address this complex environmental objective, but their deployment is complicated by the evolving political, social, and economic landscapes that present challenges as well as opportunities. I focus on two mitigation technology approaches--low-carbon energy generation and vehicle electrification--with consideration of their broader influences and impacts.In the first study (Chapter 2), I examine how socio-technical constraints affect the most feasible technology pathways for decarbonization. I develop a probabilistic representation of social acceptance characterized by technological risk tolerance and pair it with an energy system optimization model to evaluate techno-economic projections of energy technologies within the context of societal processes. The integration of these two models, demonstrated through an illustrative example of nuclear power in the U.S., finds that overall system costs may increase and select technology availability may decrease due to the presence of societal preferences. This work asserts that quantitative modeling of energy and economic systems can be supported by insights into real-world processes and socio-technical influences.In the second study (Chapter 3), I assess how labor demand (measured in hours) differs between internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) manufacturing for powertrain components. I collect detailed data on the production process steps required to build key ICEV and BEV powertrain components and the labor required for each process step from the existing literature and the shop floors of leading automotive manufacturers. I then use this data to build a production process model that determines the labor hours required to produce ICEV and BEV powertrain components in a variety of scenarios subject to different production volumes and labor efficiency levels. I find that BEV powertrains require more labor hours, at least in the short- to medium-term. These results emphasize the importance of using process step-level information about manufacturing processes and labor requirements to estimate the labor impacts of vehicle electrification.In the third study (Chapter 4), I evaluate how worker skill requirements differ between ICEV and BEV manufacturing, again for powertrain components. I interview ICEV and BEV shop floor workers (i.e., operators, technicians, supervisors) on the labor tasks required for the powertrain production steps from the previous study. I use the O*NET survey instrument and comparative descriptive statistics to evaluate the level of skills required for the two different vehicle technologies. I find that the skill requirements for manufacturing BEV powertrain components lie within the range of skill requirements for ICEV powertrain components and that production practices used by BEV manufacturers may increase demand for fuller worker skillsets.These studies can support decision-making by energy and automotive firms, policymakers, organized labor, and other stakeholders and enable more effective strategies for achieving decarbonization and vehicle electrification goals. They also contribute to a more complete understanding of the potential socio-technical constraints facing and impacts by technologies within the ongoing low-carbon transition.
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