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Positive beliefs and health : = Can self-affirmation reduce the defensive processing of self-relevant negative health information?

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Positive beliefs and health :/
Reminder of title:	Can self-affirmation reduce the defensive processing of self-relevant negative health information?
Author:	Reed, Mark Brian.
Description:	1 online resource (220 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 61-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International61-03B.
Subject:	Social psychology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=9925824click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780599254978

Positive beliefs and health : = Can self-affirmation reduce the defensive processing of self-relevant negative health information?
Reed, Mark Brian.

Positive beliefs and health :Can self-affirmation reduce the defensive processing of self-relevant negative health information? - 1 online resource (220 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 61-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 1999.

Includes bibliographical references

In general, research has shown that people avoid information that reflects negatively upon them. However, recent studies have shown that positive experiences can increase interest in negative information that is self-relevant. Two experiments tested whether a positive experience could reduce the biased processing of information concerning the link between caffeine consumption and fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) among high caffeine consumers. In the first study, female participants (N = 66) reporting high or low levels of caffeine consumption completed a questionnaire designed to affirm their sense of kindness or a neutral affirmation, and were exposed to confirming and disconfirming information about the link between caffeine consumption and FBD. Results indicated that frequent caffeine consumers who affirmed oriented more quickly to the risk-confirming information, rated the risk-confirming passage as presenting stronger arguments than the risk-disconfirming passage, recalled less risk-disconfirming information at a 1-week follow-up, and reported greater perceived control over reducing caffeine consumption, relative to frequent caffeine drinkers who did not affirm. These results support the notion that positive experiences can decrease the defensive processing of negative self-relevant information. The purpose of the second study was to replicate these findings using a different self-affirmation manipulation and to test whether the type of affirmation affects the biased processing of negative information. Female participants (N = 96) reporting high or low levels of caffeine consumption wrote about a previous experience that either affirmed their sense of being a kind person (kindness affirmation) or a health conscious person (health affirmation) or they wrote about a visit to the student union (no-affirmation). The results did not replicate the results of the first study, and, contrary to predictions, failed to demonstrate differential effects of different affirmations. This lack of replication is discussed in terms of the specific affirmation manipulation used in the second study and other procedural differences between the studies. The results from Study 1 suggest that positive experiences can aid important long-term self-regulatory efforts by providing an individual with the psychological resources needed to confront negative information about his or her behavior. Implications for the delivery of health information are discussed.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2023

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780599254978Subjects--Topical Terms:

520219
Social psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

DefensiveIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

542853
Electronic books.

Positive beliefs and health : = Can self-affirmation reduce the defensive processing of self-relevant negative health information?
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 61-03, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 1999.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a In general, research has shown that people avoid information that reflects negatively upon them. However, recent studies have shown that positive experiences can increase interest in negative information that is self-relevant. Two experiments tested whether a positive experience could reduce the biased processing of information concerning the link between caffeine consumption and fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) among high caffeine consumers. In the first study, female participants (N = 66) reporting high or low levels of caffeine consumption completed a questionnaire designed to affirm their sense of kindness or a neutral affirmation, and were exposed to confirming and disconfirming information about the link between caffeine consumption and FBD. Results indicated that frequent caffeine consumers who affirmed oriented more quickly to the risk-confirming information, rated the risk-confirming passage as presenting stronger arguments than the risk-disconfirming passage, recalled less risk-disconfirming information at a 1-week follow-up, and reported greater perceived control over reducing caffeine consumption, relative to frequent caffeine drinkers who did not affirm. These results support the notion that positive experiences can decrease the defensive processing of negative self-relevant information. The purpose of the second study was to replicate these findings using a different self-affirmation manipulation and to test whether the type of affirmation affects the biased processing of negative information. Female participants (N = 96) reporting high or low levels of caffeine consumption wrote about a previous experience that either affirmed their sense of being a kind person (kindness affirmation) or a health conscious person (health affirmation) or they wrote about a visit to the student union (no-affirmation). The results did not replicate the results of the first study, and, contrary to predictions, failed to demonstrate differential effects of different affirmations. This lack of replication is discussed in terms of the specific affirmation manipulation used in the second study and other procedural differences between the studies. The results from Study 1 suggest that positive experiences can aid important long-term self-regulatory efforts by providing an individual with the psychological resources needed to confront negative information about his or her behavior. Implications for the delivery of health information are discussed.
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