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New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition./
Author:	Yixin, Hu.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	224 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-07B.
Subject:	Hormones. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28935574
ISBN:	9798762125673

New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition.
Yixin, Hu.

New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 224 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Due to an increasing global population and growing wealth and income, pork and chicken meat consumption has been increasing rapidly over the past decades. Phosphorus (P), an essential macro element for all animal species, is predominantly stored in various forms of inositol phosphate (IP) in most cereal grains. These various forms of IP are poorly digestible by pigs and poultry. Thus, mineral P, an expensive, finite and non-renewable resource, is routinely added to pig and poultry diets. Phosphorus not deposited in body tissues is excreted via urine and faeces which contributes to environmental pollution including surface water eutrophication. As such, insights into P digestion, absorption and metabolism can substantially contribute to reduce feed costs, conserve natural P resources and alleviate environmental pollution.It has been demonstrated that reduction of dietary calcium (Ca) supply and supplementation of exogenous microbial phytase significantly improve dietary P absorption and reduce fecal P excretion. There are a few studies that investigated the interaction effects between dietary Ca content and microbial phytase supplementation on Ca and P absorption and excretion. The results, however, are inconsistent and a firm conclusion cannot be drawn, yet. On the basis of previous studies, this thesis aimed to provide further insights into the interacting effects between dietary limestone particle size and inclusion level, and microbial phytase supplementation on absorption of Ca and P along the GIT, their deposition in bone and excretion via the kidney, as well as expression of Ca- and P-related transporters and claudins (CLDN) in the GIT and kidney of pigs and poultry (Chapter 1).Dietary Ca and phytase interaction in the GIT of pigsImpact of dietary Ca content (2.0, 5.8 and 9.6 g/kg) in the presence (500 FTU/kg) or absence of microbial phytase on dietary Ca and P absorption in different GIT segments of growing pigs was investigated in Chapter 2. Dietary P was fixed at 4.7 g/kg for all dietary treatment groups. Results indicate that incremental dietary Ca content reduced apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P, which was more pronounced in pigs fed phytase-supplemented diets. Moreover, dietary Ca also significantly reduced the cumulative IP degradation in the distal small intestine and decreased inorganic P solubility. As such, it can be concluded that incremental dietary Ca content reduces intestinal apparent P digestibility via hampering IP degradation and precipitation of P, with a larger impact in microbial phytasesupplemented diets. In addition, microbial phytase supplementation significantly increased ATTD of Ca and P. Measurement in different GIT segments further indicated that microbial phytase increased apparent P absorption in the proximal small intestine and enhanced cumulative IP degradation in the distal small intestine. Consequently, less IP would be available for the microbiota residing in the colon to release Ca and P from the IP complex for colonic absorption, and apparent P absorption in the colon seemed to be lower in the presence of microbial phytase. However, colonic Ca and P absorption remains elusive, which was addressed in Chapter 3.

ISBN: 9798762125673Subjects--Topical Terms:

548778
Hormones.

New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition.
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245 1 0 $a New Insights into Porcine/Poultry Calcium/Phosphorus Metabolism and Nutrition.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2021.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Due to an increasing global population and growing wealth and income, pork and chicken meat consumption has been increasing rapidly over the past decades. Phosphorus (P), an essential macro element for all animal species, is predominantly stored in various forms of inositol phosphate (IP) in most cereal grains. These various forms of IP are poorly digestible by pigs and poultry. Thus, mineral P, an expensive, finite and non-renewable resource, is routinely added to pig and poultry diets. Phosphorus not deposited in body tissues is excreted via urine and faeces which contributes to environmental pollution including surface water eutrophication. As such, insights into P digestion, absorption and metabolism can substantially contribute to reduce feed costs, conserve natural P resources and alleviate environmental pollution.It has been demonstrated that reduction of dietary calcium (Ca) supply and supplementation of exogenous microbial phytase significantly improve dietary P absorption and reduce fecal P excretion. There are a few studies that investigated the interaction effects between dietary Ca content and microbial phytase supplementation on Ca and P absorption and excretion. The results, however, are inconsistent and a firm conclusion cannot be drawn, yet. On the basis of previous studies, this thesis aimed to provide further insights into the interacting effects between dietary limestone particle size and inclusion level, and microbial phytase supplementation on absorption of Ca and P along the GIT, their deposition in bone and excretion via the kidney, as well as expression of Ca- and P-related transporters and claudins (CLDN) in the GIT and kidney of pigs and poultry (Chapter 1).Dietary Ca and phytase interaction in the GIT of pigsImpact of dietary Ca content (2.0, 5.8 and 9.6 g/kg) in the presence (500 FTU/kg) or absence of microbial phytase on dietary Ca and P absorption in different GIT segments of growing pigs was investigated in Chapter 2. Dietary P was fixed at 4.7 g/kg for all dietary treatment groups. Results indicate that incremental dietary Ca content reduced apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P, which was more pronounced in pigs fed phytase-supplemented diets. Moreover, dietary Ca also significantly reduced the cumulative IP degradation in the distal small intestine and decreased inorganic P solubility. As such, it can be concluded that incremental dietary Ca content reduces intestinal apparent P digestibility via hampering IP degradation and precipitation of P, with a larger impact in microbial phytasesupplemented diets. In addition, microbial phytase supplementation significantly increased ATTD of Ca and P. Measurement in different GIT segments further indicated that microbial phytase increased apparent P absorption in the proximal small intestine and enhanced cumulative IP degradation in the distal small intestine. Consequently, less IP would be available for the microbiota residing in the colon to release Ca and P from the IP complex for colonic absorption, and apparent P absorption in the colon seemed to be lower in the presence of microbial phytase. However, colonic Ca and P absorption remains elusive, which was addressed in Chapter 3.
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