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The Utilization of Bark and Bark Components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) for Polyurethane Applications.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	The Utilization of Bark and Bark Components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) for Polyurethane Applications./
作者:	Chen, Heyu .
出版者:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
面頁冊數:	149 p.
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-01B.
標題:	Forestry. -
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27737321
ISBN:	9798662391321

The Utilization of Bark and Bark Components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) for Polyurethane Applications.
Chen, Heyu .

The Utilization of Bark and Bark Components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) for Polyurethane Applications. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 149 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Toronto (Canada), 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Tree bark is a renewable, largely available, and inexpensive forest residue that has desirable chemical compositions to be processed into functional extenders or value-added chemicals. However, the utilization of bark for advanced applications is limited. Herein, this thesis study explored using bark and bark components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) to improve performance of conventional polyurethane wood adhesives and as a starting material to synthesize novel non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs).Firstly, bark particles (particle sizes < 0.1 mm) were utilized in polymeric diphenylmethane diisocynate (pMDI) as a functional filler, which replaced pMDI up to 20 wt.%. The resulting bark-containing pMDI adhesives had a similar dry bonding strength and increased wet bonding strength compared to the pMDI adhesive without bark particles.Secondly, bark was further processed into lignin-containing cellulose nanofibril (LCNF) as a novel nano-bio material to be added into pMDI adhesive formulations. LCNF demonstrated a strong reinforcing effect given that 3 wt.% of LCNF addition into pMDI significantly improved the dry and wet bonding strengths of the resulting adhesive by 109% and 119%. Morphological observations of the adhesive bonds revealed that, unlike the inconsistent and partially starved bondline that was formed when using neat pMDI, LCNF helped to form a robust bondline by dramatically improving the adhesive gap-filling properties. Moreover, the lignin component in LCNF was shown to be an integral component that played an important role in enhancing bonding performance by reacting with isocyanate functional groups at the bonding interface.Lastly, NIPUs were synthesized, using bark as a main starting material. Bark materials were oxypropylated, epoxidized, and carbonated into cyclic carbonate, which was then used to react with various amines to prepare versatile NIPUs with a wide range of mechanical properties. These NIPUs had performance characteristics suitable for applications such as coatings, elastomers, and sealants, which make them environmentally-friendly alternatives to existing isocyanate-based polyurethanes. Overall, this study demonstrated excellent potentials for the utilization of bark in polyurethane related industrial applications.

ISBN: 9798662391321Subjects--Topical Terms:

895157
Forestry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Filler

The Utilization of Bark and Bark Components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) for Polyurethane Applications.
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506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Tree bark is a renewable, largely available, and inexpensive forest residue that has desirable chemical compositions to be processed into functional extenders or value-added chemicals. However, the utilization of bark for advanced applications is limited. Herein, this thesis study explored using bark and bark components from Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) to improve performance of conventional polyurethane wood adhesives and as a starting material to synthesize novel non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs).Firstly, bark particles (particle sizes < 0.1 mm) were utilized in polymeric diphenylmethane diisocynate (pMDI) as a functional filler, which replaced pMDI up to 20 wt.%. The resulting bark-containing pMDI adhesives had a similar dry bonding strength and increased wet bonding strength compared to the pMDI adhesive without bark particles.Secondly, bark was further processed into lignin-containing cellulose nanofibril (LCNF) as a novel nano-bio material to be added into pMDI adhesive formulations. LCNF demonstrated a strong reinforcing effect given that 3 wt.% of LCNF addition into pMDI significantly improved the dry and wet bonding strengths of the resulting adhesive by 109% and 119%. Morphological observations of the adhesive bonds revealed that, unlike the inconsistent and partially starved bondline that was formed when using neat pMDI, LCNF helped to form a robust bondline by dramatically improving the adhesive gap-filling properties. Moreover, the lignin component in LCNF was shown to be an integral component that played an important role in enhancing bonding performance by reacting with isocyanate functional groups at the bonding interface.Lastly, NIPUs were synthesized, using bark as a main starting material. Bark materials were oxypropylated, epoxidized, and carbonated into cyclic carbonate, which was then used to react with various amines to prepare versatile NIPUs with a wide range of mechanical properties. These NIPUs had performance characteristics suitable for applications such as coatings, elastomers, and sealants, which make them environmentally-friendly alternatives to existing isocyanate-based polyurethanes. Overall, this study demonstrated excellent potentials for the utilization of bark in polyurethane related industrial applications.
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