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Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Dis...

Powers, Quinn M.

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Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples./
Author:	Powers, Quinn M.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	104 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International82-04.
Subject:	Animal diseases. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28089405
ISBN:	9798678128027

Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples.
Powers, Quinn M.

Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 104 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--The University of Arizona, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an OIE-listed enteric disease that has continued to plague the shrimp aquaculture industry since its first discovery in 2009. AHPND is caused by specific marine Vibrio spp. which carry plasmid-borne binary toxins PirAVp and PirBVp. The disease has caused mass mortalities in juvenile Penaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and P. monodon (black tiger prawn) which have resulted in billions of dollars in losses to the industry. This research investigates a) if crayfish are susceptible to AHPND, b) if AHPND-causing binary toxin genes pirAVp and pirBVp were still present in a shrimp pond two years after an AHPND outbreak in southern Texas, and (c) if the bacterial diversity was similar between the pond where the AHPND outbreak occurred and a pond where no outbreak occurred after two years of remaining fallow. The topics of crayfish susceptibility to AHPND and the environmental persistence of the causative agent of AHPND in a shrimp pond in Texas are interconnected based on their geographical setting. With the AHPND outbreak in Texas located less than 650 km away from the lucrative crayfish aquaculture industry in Louisiana, it was important to determine if the crayfish industry faced risks of AHPND outbreaks in the future. Crayfish susceptibility was tested with a cohabitation bioassay, molecular detection of the toxin genes, and histopathology. Environmental detection of the toxin genes was detected through a multiplex SYBR Green real-time PCR assay. Assessment of the bacterial diversity was accomplished through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA.This research found that crayfish appear to be resistant to AHPND, as they showed a high survival rate during the bioassay and no histological lesions characteristic of AHPND were observed. The environmental detection portion of the research found that the binary toxins could not be detected in the environment two years after the AHPND outbreak. Finally, NGS results showed no significant difference in the bacterial diversity across the outbreak pond and the healthy pond and the presence of Vibrio was nearly indetectable in all samples. These findings suggest that the microbial communities within the environment have likely recovered from the outbreak after two years of remaining fallow and therefore, there appears to be a low risk of future AHPND outbreaks resulting from residual AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus in the soil within this same pond. This information will help the aquaculture industry better understand this devastating disease and will aid the industry in predicting and preventing future AHPND outbreaks.

ISBN: 9798678128027Subjects--Topical Terms:

3181862
Animal diseases.
Subjects--Index Terms:

AHPND

Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples.
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245 1 0 $a Acute Hepatopancreactic Necrosis Disease (AHPND): Crayfish Susceptibility and Detection of Etiologic Agent in Environmental Samples.
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300 $a 104 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 82-04.
500 $a Advisor: Dhar, Arun;Fitzsimmons, Kevin.
502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--The University of Arizona, 2020.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an OIE-listed enteric disease that has continued to plague the shrimp aquaculture industry since its first discovery in 2009. AHPND is caused by specific marine Vibrio spp. which carry plasmid-borne binary toxins PirAVp and PirBVp. The disease has caused mass mortalities in juvenile Penaeus vannamei (Pacific white shrimp) and P. monodon (black tiger prawn) which have resulted in billions of dollars in losses to the industry. This research investigates a) if crayfish are susceptible to AHPND, b) if AHPND-causing binary toxin genes pirAVp and pirBVp were still present in a shrimp pond two years after an AHPND outbreak in southern Texas, and (c) if the bacterial diversity was similar between the pond where the AHPND outbreak occurred and a pond where no outbreak occurred after two years of remaining fallow. The topics of crayfish susceptibility to AHPND and the environmental persistence of the causative agent of AHPND in a shrimp pond in Texas are interconnected based on their geographical setting. With the AHPND outbreak in Texas located less than 650 km away from the lucrative crayfish aquaculture industry in Louisiana, it was important to determine if the crayfish industry faced risks of AHPND outbreaks in the future. Crayfish susceptibility was tested with a cohabitation bioassay, molecular detection of the toxin genes, and histopathology. Environmental detection of the toxin genes was detected through a multiplex SYBR Green real-time PCR assay. Assessment of the bacterial diversity was accomplished through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA.This research found that crayfish appear to be resistant to AHPND, as they showed a high survival rate during the bioassay and no histological lesions characteristic of AHPND were observed. The environmental detection portion of the research found that the binary toxins could not be detected in the environment two years after the AHPND outbreak. Finally, NGS results showed no significant difference in the bacterial diversity across the outbreak pond and the healthy pond and the presence of Vibrio was nearly indetectable in all samples. These findings suggest that the microbial communities within the environment have likely recovered from the outbreak after two years of remaining fallow and therefore, there appears to be a low risk of future AHPND outbreaks resulting from residual AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus in the soil within this same pond. This information will help the aquaculture industry better understand this devastating disease and will aid the industry in predicting and preventing future AHPND outbreaks.
590 $a School code: 0009.
650 4 $a Animal diseases. $3 3181862
650 4 $a Environmental science. $3 677245
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 3174829
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
653 $a AHPND
653 $a Aquaculture
653 $a Cherax quadricarinatus
653 $a crayfish
653 $a Shrimp aquaculture
690 $a 0476
690 $a 0768
690 $a 0475
690 $a 0792
710 2 $a The University of Arizona. $b Soil, Water & Environmental Science. $3 1021772
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 82-04.
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791 $a M.Sc.
792 $a 2020
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28089405