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The Punic House in Context: Domestic...

Huemer, Max.

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The Punic House in Context: Domestic Architecture and Urban Planning in the Central Mediterranean.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Punic House in Context: Domestic Architecture and Urban Planning in the Central Mediterranean./
Author:	Huemer, Max.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2021,
Description:	462 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-09A.
Subject:	Classical studies. -
Online resource:	https://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28262066
ISBN:	9798582509738

The Punic House in Context: Domestic Architecture and Urban Planning in the Central Mediterranean.
Huemer, Max.

The Punic House in Context: Domestic Architecture and Urban Planning in the Central Mediterranean. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2021 - 462 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-09, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Buffalo, 2021.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

This study examines the domestic architecture and urban planning of five cities in the central Mediterranean dating from the fifth to second centuries BCE, specifically the sites of Kerkouane and Byrsa Hill in North Africa, Selinus and Motya in Sicily, and Monte Sirai in Sardinia. Previous scholarship has argued that Punic architecture simply borrowed from Greek architecture, while more recent literature seems to accept the idea of Punic architecture uncritically. By analyzing the elements and features of the houses within their cities as well as their urban context, I argue that there was indeed a distinct Punic architectural tradition in the central Mediterranean, distinct from Greek, indigenous, or even Phoenician traditions.While previous studies of Punic urban planning have focused solely on the orthogonality of street plans, this study adopts a different approach. Instead, the coordination of buildings and open spaces, and the standardization of urban forms across multiple sites form the main criteria for analysis, of which street grids are just one part. Using these criteria, I identify several different planning strategies used at multiple sites. This included ring roads that surrounded a more or less rectilinear internal street network. Some sites also utilized contour planning where streets followed the natural slope of the terrain. In terms of buildings I also demonstrated that at Kerkouane and Selinus the relationship between the main sanctuary and nearby public bathing facilities likely used for purification. The use of small open squares rather than one larger central forum or agora was present at every site, and the buildings that surrounded the squares were often similar. The use of these techniques not only proves that these sites were consciously planned, but their repetition across multiple sites demonstrates a common language of urban planning at Punic sites in the central Mediterranean.Likewise, an analysis of the built features of the houses demonstrates common principles of design and the use of space. Doors, visual barriers, and apotropaic devices increased the privacy of certain spaces while hydraulic features, benches, and various decorative elements encouraged interaction in others. These built features determined the amount of privacy or display in each area of the house by controlling the movement of guests within the house. In many houses, a basic pattern of movement was evident where a potential guest was greeted in an entranceway before being granted access to the courtyard where they were then guided to the lavishly decorated main reception room. Sacred spaces also functioned within this pattern of movement. Small secluded shrines were likely used for private ceremony by the household, while the larger and more accessible ones located in the courtyard or near the entrance were likely also used by individuals from outside the household. Retail spaces were also commonly incorporated into the house, and some houses devoted more than half of their primary floor to retail activities, while still preserving the patterns of privacy and display described above. By analyzing all of these features together rather than in isolation, a clear pattern and tradition of domestic architecture emerges.The commonalities in both the urban planning and domestic architecture of these sites suggests they formed a specific cultural group in the central Mediterranean. These features are distinct from other Punic sites in the western Mediterranean, as well as indigenous, Greek, Roman, and older Phoenician traditions of domestic architecture. This analysis of their architecture supports this identification, and bolsters their identification as a specific cultural unit within the Punic Mediterranean.

ISBN: 9798582509738Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122826
Classical studies.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Domestic architecutre

The Punic House in Context: Domestic Architecture and Urban Planning in the Central Mediterranean.
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520 $a This study examines the domestic architecture and urban planning of five cities in the central Mediterranean dating from the fifth to second centuries BCE, specifically the sites of Kerkouane and Byrsa Hill in North Africa, Selinus and Motya in Sicily, and Monte Sirai in Sardinia. Previous scholarship has argued that Punic architecture simply borrowed from Greek architecture, while more recent literature seems to accept the idea of Punic architecture uncritically. By analyzing the elements and features of the houses within their cities as well as their urban context, I argue that there was indeed a distinct Punic architectural tradition in the central Mediterranean, distinct from Greek, indigenous, or even Phoenician traditions.While previous studies of Punic urban planning have focused solely on the orthogonality of street plans, this study adopts a different approach. Instead, the coordination of buildings and open spaces, and the standardization of urban forms across multiple sites form the main criteria for analysis, of which street grids are just one part. Using these criteria, I identify several different planning strategies used at multiple sites. This included ring roads that surrounded a more or less rectilinear internal street network. Some sites also utilized contour planning where streets followed the natural slope of the terrain. In terms of buildings I also demonstrated that at Kerkouane and Selinus the relationship between the main sanctuary and nearby public bathing facilities likely used for purification. The use of small open squares rather than one larger central forum or agora was present at every site, and the buildings that surrounded the squares were often similar. The use of these techniques not only proves that these sites were consciously planned, but their repetition across multiple sites demonstrates a common language of urban planning at Punic sites in the central Mediterranean.Likewise, an analysis of the built features of the houses demonstrates common principles of design and the use of space. Doors, visual barriers, and apotropaic devices increased the privacy of certain spaces while hydraulic features, benches, and various decorative elements encouraged interaction in others. These built features determined the amount of privacy or display in each area of the house by controlling the movement of guests within the house. In many houses, a basic pattern of movement was evident where a potential guest was greeted in an entranceway before being granted access to the courtyard where they were then guided to the lavishly decorated main reception room. Sacred spaces also functioned within this pattern of movement. Small secluded shrines were likely used for private ceremony by the household, while the larger and more accessible ones located in the courtyard or near the entrance were likely also used by individuals from outside the household. Retail spaces were also commonly incorporated into the house, and some houses devoted more than half of their primary floor to retail activities, while still preserving the patterns of privacy and display described above. By analyzing all of these features together rather than in isolation, a clear pattern and tradition of domestic architecture emerges.The commonalities in both the urban planning and domestic architecture of these sites suggests they formed a specific cultural group in the central Mediterranean. These features are distinct from other Punic sites in the western Mediterranean, as well as indigenous, Greek, Roman, and older Phoenician traditions of domestic architecture. This analysis of their architecture supports this identification, and bolsters their identification as a specific cultural unit within the Punic Mediterranean.
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