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Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Ex...

Ritchie-Ewing, Genevieve.

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Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Expectations of Motherhood and Maternal Stress During Pregnancy.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Expectations of Motherhood and Maternal Stress During Pregnancy./
Author:	Ritchie-Ewing, Genevieve.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2019,
Description:	285 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-06, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International81-06B.
Subject:	Cultural anthropology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=27692317
ISBN:	9781392678190

Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Expectations of Motherhood and Maternal Stress During Pregnancy.
Ritchie-Ewing, Genevieve.

Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Expectations of Motherhood and Maternal Stress During Pregnancy. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2019 - 285 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-06, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2019.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

During pregnancy, American women receive competing messages regarding "proper" behaviors that reflect society's expectations of "good" mothers. Specifically, the biomedical community and the natural childbirth movement insist pregnant women practice self-discipline to follow "expert" advice according to often opposing recommendations. Research reveals conflicting information about best practices during pregnancy and childbirth frequently cause pregnant women anxiety as they try to decide which "expert" advice to follow, however, no studies have explored how women's experiences with making these decisions affect self-reported stress or the physiological stress response. In addition, few studies have linked society's expectations to emotional and physiological stress levels. Connecting cultural beliefs to physiological responses provides a mechanism for explaining the higher preterm birth rates in the U.S. (11.6% in 2012) compared to most European countries, Canada, and Australia (5-9%) even among "white" women of middle to higher socioeconomic status.In this dissertation, I investigated the connections between cultural expectations, women's experiences with decision-making and their emotional and physiological stress levels. My objectives were to 1) determine where pregnant women get information about "proper" behaviors during pregnancy and childbirth and ascertain if this information conflicts, 2) explore how pregnant women make decisions about which practices to integrate into their daily lives and birth plans, 3) investigate links between women's experiences making decisions about which advice to follow and their self-reported stress levels (particularly pregnancy-specific anxiety or anxiety associated with pregnancy-related concerns), and 4) establish if there are associations between women's experiences making decisions about "expert" advice and physiological stress levels (i.e., hair cortisol). I found that women gather information primarily from the individuals in their lives, particularly their female relatives and healthcare providers. They also turned to the internet when the information they needed to supplement information they received from individuals in their lives. Participants also encountered a great deal of conflicting information, which often made them feel anxious and confused. In terms of decision-making, primiparous women and women who reported feeling anxious about conflicting information struggled more with making decisions. Primiparous women had higher levels of pregnancy-specific anxiety in the first trimester only compared to multiparous women. Women who reported feeling anxious about conflicting information had higher levels of general self-reported stress in the second trimester and higher levels of self-reported anxiety in the first trimester compared to women who did not report anxiety due to conflicting information. Primiparous women had higher hair cortisol levels in the first trimester only compared to multiparous women. Cultural expectations regarding how "good mothers" should act including gathering information and making decisions about "appropriate" behaviors affect women's emotions during pregnancy and, potentially, their physiology, which in turn, could affect birth outcomes.

ISBN: 9781392678190Subjects--Topical Terms:

2122764
Cultural anthropology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Pregnancy

Managing Mixed Messages: Cultural Expectations of Motherhood and Maternal Stress During Pregnancy.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 81-06, Section: B.
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520 $a During pregnancy, American women receive competing messages regarding "proper" behaviors that reflect society's expectations of "good" mothers. Specifically, the biomedical community and the natural childbirth movement insist pregnant women practice self-discipline to follow "expert" advice according to often opposing recommendations. Research reveals conflicting information about best practices during pregnancy and childbirth frequently cause pregnant women anxiety as they try to decide which "expert" advice to follow, however, no studies have explored how women's experiences with making these decisions affect self-reported stress or the physiological stress response. In addition, few studies have linked society's expectations to emotional and physiological stress levels. Connecting cultural beliefs to physiological responses provides a mechanism for explaining the higher preterm birth rates in the U.S. (11.6% in 2012) compared to most European countries, Canada, and Australia (5-9%) even among "white" women of middle to higher socioeconomic status.In this dissertation, I investigated the connections between cultural expectations, women's experiences with decision-making and their emotional and physiological stress levels. My objectives were to 1) determine where pregnant women get information about "proper" behaviors during pregnancy and childbirth and ascertain if this information conflicts, 2) explore how pregnant women make decisions about which practices to integrate into their daily lives and birth plans, 3) investigate links between women's experiences making decisions about which advice to follow and their self-reported stress levels (particularly pregnancy-specific anxiety or anxiety associated with pregnancy-related concerns), and 4) establish if there are associations between women's experiences making decisions about "expert" advice and physiological stress levels (i.e., hair cortisol). I found that women gather information primarily from the individuals in their lives, particularly their female relatives and healthcare providers. They also turned to the internet when the information they needed to supplement information they received from individuals in their lives. Participants also encountered a great deal of conflicting information, which often made them feel anxious and confused. In terms of decision-making, primiparous women and women who reported feeling anxious about conflicting information struggled more with making decisions. Primiparous women had higher levels of pregnancy-specific anxiety in the first trimester only compared to multiparous women. Women who reported feeling anxious about conflicting information had higher levels of general self-reported stress in the second trimester and higher levels of self-reported anxiety in the first trimester compared to women who did not report anxiety due to conflicting information. Primiparous women had higher hair cortisol levels in the first trimester only compared to multiparous women. Cultural expectations regarding how "good mothers" should act including gathering information and making decisions about "appropriate" behaviors affect women's emotions during pregnancy and, potentially, their physiology, which in turn, could affect birth outcomes.
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653 $a Childbirth
653 $a Biopolitics
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