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Evolution and Ecology of Reproductiv...

Christie, Kyle.

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Evolution and Ecology of Reproductive Isolation in California Jewelflowers.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Evolution and Ecology of Reproductive Isolation in California Jewelflowers./
Author:	Christie, Kyle.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	255 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International80-09B.
Subject:	Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10973342
ISBN:	9780438934542

Evolution and Ecology of Reproductive Isolation in California Jewelflowers.
Christie, Kyle.

Evolution and Ecology of Reproductive Isolation in California Jewelflowers. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 255 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2018.

This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.

Understanding speciation, the basic process responsible for generating organismal diversity, is a fundamental aim in the study of evolution and ecology. For the past century and a half evolutionary biologists have struggled to explain this process, yet we still lack a thorough understanding of the origin of species. Some of the most challenging yet potentially most illuminating goals in current speciation research are to determine the relative order in which pre- and postzygotic barriers evolve, and to identify which specific barriers to gene flow contribute to reproductive isolation when divergent lineages come into secondary contact. By answering these questions within the same study system, we aim to understand how past evolutionary processes and contemporary biotic interactions interact to shape biodiversity in today's ecosystems. Several major research paradigms have emerged to address the above goals, each focusing at a different stage along the speciation continuum. Comparative analyses seek to provide a cross section of speciation by examining reproductive isolation between many species pairs at different levels of genetic divergence, whereas case studies strive to quantify all of the barriers to gene flow in a single species pair and to make causal inferences about their effects on speciation or the maintenance of species boundaries. Armed with an understanding of barriers to gene flow, and the ways in which co-occurring species interact, mechanistic studies aim to interpret patterns of biodiversity in light of the complex interplay between evolution and ecology. This dissertation explores the evolution and ecology of reproductive isolation in the California Jewelflowers (Streptanthus, Brassicaceae). The first two chapters document patterns of reproductive isolation using comparative and case study approaches, and the second two chapters attempt to unravel the processes and mechanisms underlying the observed patterns. Chapter 1 employs a comparative analysis across 18 species pairs and five million years of evolutionary divergence, and attempts to establish patterns of reproductive isolation found across the entire clade. Chapter 2 documents and quantifies the ways in which multiple barriers to gene flow act to maintain species boundaries when two closely related Streptanthus species co-occur. This is essentially an "evolutionary natural history" of the co-occurring S. breweri and S. hesperidis and provides the background information required to more deeply address the underlying mechanisms explored later in the dissertation. Chapters 3 and 4 examine how the past effects of evolutionary divergence and the contemporary outcomes of ecological interactions shape biodiversity in today's ecosystems. Specifically, Chapter 3 explores patterns of trait differentiation in floral rewards when congeneric populations occur in sympatry, and Chapter 4 attempts to understand why two sympatric relatives with similar habitat requirements, S. breweri and S. hesperidis, rarely truly co-occur in intermixed stands in nature. This research aims to characterize the types and strengths of reproductive isolation, and the evolutionary and ecological drivers, associated with each stage of speciation. By linking pattern and process across different spatial and temporal scales of divergence, we can more fully understand the initial generation and subsequent maintenance of biodiversity. While this dissertation is focused on Streptanthus, it may in fact represent processes common across the California Floristic Province, one of Earth's biodiversity hotspots. Even if the mechanisms of speciation in Streptanthus are idiosyncratic and not directly applicable to other groups, the integrative approach employed here, from micro- to macro-evolutionary scales, can be fruitfully applied in other study systems to better understand the most fundamental processes responsible for generating and maintaining Earth's remarkable biodiversity.

ISBN: 9780438934542Subjects--Topical Terms:

516476
Ecology.

Evolution and Ecology of Reproductive Isolation in California Jewelflowers.
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300 $a 255 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 80-09, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
500 $a Advisor: Strauss, Sharon Y.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2018.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Understanding speciation, the basic process responsible for generating organismal diversity, is a fundamental aim in the study of evolution and ecology. For the past century and a half evolutionary biologists have struggled to explain this process, yet we still lack a thorough understanding of the origin of species. Some of the most challenging yet potentially most illuminating goals in current speciation research are to determine the relative order in which pre- and postzygotic barriers evolve, and to identify which specific barriers to gene flow contribute to reproductive isolation when divergent lineages come into secondary contact. By answering these questions within the same study system, we aim to understand how past evolutionary processes and contemporary biotic interactions interact to shape biodiversity in today's ecosystems. Several major research paradigms have emerged to address the above goals, each focusing at a different stage along the speciation continuum. Comparative analyses seek to provide a cross section of speciation by examining reproductive isolation between many species pairs at different levels of genetic divergence, whereas case studies strive to quantify all of the barriers to gene flow in a single species pair and to make causal inferences about their effects on speciation or the maintenance of species boundaries. Armed with an understanding of barriers to gene flow, and the ways in which co-occurring species interact, mechanistic studies aim to interpret patterns of biodiversity in light of the complex interplay between evolution and ecology. This dissertation explores the evolution and ecology of reproductive isolation in the California Jewelflowers (Streptanthus, Brassicaceae). The first two chapters document patterns of reproductive isolation using comparative and case study approaches, and the second two chapters attempt to unravel the processes and mechanisms underlying the observed patterns. Chapter 1 employs a comparative analysis across 18 species pairs and five million years of evolutionary divergence, and attempts to establish patterns of reproductive isolation found across the entire clade. Chapter 2 documents and quantifies the ways in which multiple barriers to gene flow act to maintain species boundaries when two closely related Streptanthus species co-occur. This is essentially an "evolutionary natural history" of the co-occurring S. breweri and S. hesperidis and provides the background information required to more deeply address the underlying mechanisms explored later in the dissertation. Chapters 3 and 4 examine how the past effects of evolutionary divergence and the contemporary outcomes of ecological interactions shape biodiversity in today's ecosystems. Specifically, Chapter 3 explores patterns of trait differentiation in floral rewards when congeneric populations occur in sympatry, and Chapter 4 attempts to understand why two sympatric relatives with similar habitat requirements, S. breweri and S. hesperidis, rarely truly co-occur in intermixed stands in nature. This research aims to characterize the types and strengths of reproductive isolation, and the evolutionary and ecological drivers, associated with each stage of speciation. By linking pattern and process across different spatial and temporal scales of divergence, we can more fully understand the initial generation and subsequent maintenance of biodiversity. While this dissertation is focused on Streptanthus, it may in fact represent processes common across the California Floristic Province, one of Earth's biodiversity hotspots. Even if the mechanisms of speciation in Streptanthus are idiosyncratic and not directly applicable to other groups, the integrative approach employed here, from micro- to macro-evolutionary scales, can be fruitfully applied in other study systems to better understand the most fundamental processes responsible for generating and maintaining Earth's remarkable biodiversity.
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