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The effects of elevated carbon dioxi...

Neves, Kevin John.

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The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems./
Author:	Neves, Kevin John.
Description:	200 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International75-06B(E).
Subject:	Aquatic sciences. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3579445
ISBN:	9781303763625

The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems.
Neves, Kevin John.

The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems. - 200 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Maine, 2013.

This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.

One of the challenges for commercial production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is the sometimes high prevalence of cataracts, which affect growth, survival, and ultimately profitability. We investigated two specific factors that have been implicated in cataract formation in farmed fish; histidine deficiency in the diet and dissolved carbon dioxide levels. Triplicate groups of cod were fed diets containing one of three histidine levels (Low = 1.7%, Mid = 2.3%, and High = 2.9% HIS as protein) and exposed to one of three carbon dioxide levels (Low = 7.00 +/- 1.13ppm; Mid = 12.20 +/- 0.79ppm; High = 19.66 +/- 1.82ppm) in a 3x3 factorial design for 5 months. Weight (g), length (mm), cataract prevalence, and cataract severity were monitored every four weeks. Blood glucose, lactate, and pH, as well as pH of the aqueous humor, were measured at the start, midpoint, and end of the trial. Results show that increasing CO2 levels significantly affected growth, feed conversion, cataract prevalence, cataract severity, eye pH, blood pH, glucose, and lactate values. Histidine did not have a significant effect on any of the measured parameters in cod, which suggests that histidine does not help prevent cataract formation, as demonstrated with salmon. We also analyzed calcium using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and found that calcium levels in the lens dramatically increase with cataract severity. A histological analysis was performed throughout the experiment to monitor and describe changes within the eye as cataracts progress.

ISBN: 9781303763625Subjects--Topical Terms:

3174300
Aquatic sciences.

The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems.
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100 1 $a Neves, Kevin John. $3 3175795
245 1 4 $a The effects of elevated carbon dioxide and dietary histidine on cataract formation in juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) grown in recirculating aquaculture systems.
300 $a 200 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 75-06(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Nick Brown.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Maine, 2013.
506 $a This item is not available from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
506 $a This item must not be added to any third party search indexes.
520 $a One of the challenges for commercial production of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is the sometimes high prevalence of cataracts, which affect growth, survival, and ultimately profitability. We investigated two specific factors that have been implicated in cataract formation in farmed fish; histidine deficiency in the diet and dissolved carbon dioxide levels. Triplicate groups of cod were fed diets containing one of three histidine levels (Low = 1.7%, Mid = 2.3%, and High = 2.9% HIS as protein) and exposed to one of three carbon dioxide levels (Low = 7.00 +/- 1.13ppm; Mid = 12.20 +/- 0.79ppm; High = 19.66 +/- 1.82ppm) in a 3x3 factorial design for 5 months. Weight (g), length (mm), cataract prevalence, and cataract severity were monitored every four weeks. Blood glucose, lactate, and pH, as well as pH of the aqueous humor, were measured at the start, midpoint, and end of the trial. Results show that increasing CO2 levels significantly affected growth, feed conversion, cataract prevalence, cataract severity, eye pH, blood pH, glucose, and lactate values. Histidine did not have a significant effect on any of the measured parameters in cod, which suggests that histidine does not help prevent cataract formation, as demonstrated with salmon. We also analyzed calcium using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and found that calcium levels in the lens dramatically increase with cataract severity. A histological analysis was performed throughout the experiment to monitor and describe changes within the eye as cataracts progress.
520 $a Our findings implicate high dissolved carbon dioxide as a causative agent of cataract formation in Atlantic cod by altering the acid-base equilibrium within the eye, and suggest the optimum range for good growth and health is lower than previously recommended industry standards. We also determined that cataracts pose a significant economic impact on cod production. Further focus on carbon dioxide and its removal should help alleviate the problem of cataracts in Atlantic cod aquaculture and help commercial growers become more efficient producers in the state of Maine.
590 $a School code: 0113.
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 3174300
650 4 $a Physiology. $3 518431
690 $a 0792
690 $a 0719
710 2 $a The University of Maine. $3 1029373
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 75-06B(E).
790 $a 0113
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2013
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3579445