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A hierarchy of grammatical difficult...

Nishitani, Atsuko.

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A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory./
Author:	Nishitani, Atsuko.
Description:	204 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International74-02A(E).
Subject:	Education, Tests and Measurements. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3539484
ISBN:	9781267637536

A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory.
Nishitani, Atsuko.

A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory. - 204 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: A.

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Temple University, 2012.

This study investigated the difficulty order of 38 grammar structures obtained from an analysis of multiple-choice items using a Rasch analysis. The order was compared with the order predicted by processability theory and the order in which the structures appear in junior and senior high school textbooks in Japan. Because processability theory is based on natural speech data, a sentence repetition test was also conducted in order to compare the result with the order obtained from the multiple-choice tests and the order predicted by processability theory.

ISBN: 9781267637536Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017589
Education, Tests and Measurements.

A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory.
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005 20140923134345.5
008 150210s2012 ||||||||||||||||| ||eng d
020 $a 9781267637536
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3539484
035 $a AAI3539484
040 $a MiAaPQ $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Nishitani, Atsuko. $3 2099319
245 1 2 $a A hierarchy of grammatical difficulty for Japanese EFL learners: Multiple-choice items and processability theory.
300 $a 204 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-02(E), Section: A.
500 $a Adviser: David Beglar.
502 $a Thesis (Ed.D.)--Temple University, 2012.
520 $a This study investigated the difficulty order of 38 grammar structures obtained from an analysis of multiple-choice items using a Rasch analysis. The order was compared with the order predicted by processability theory and the order in which the structures appear in junior and senior high school textbooks in Japan. Because processability theory is based on natural speech data, a sentence repetition test was also conducted in order to compare the result with the order obtained from the multiple-choice tests and the order predicted by processability theory.
520 $a The participants were 872 Japanese university students, whose TOEIC scores ranged from 200 to 875. The difficulty order of the 38 structures was displayed according to their Rasch difficulty estimates: The most difficult structure was subjunctive and the easiest one was present perfect with since in the sentence. The order was not in accord with the order predicted by processability theory, and the difficulty order derived from the sentence repetition test was not accounted for by processability theory either. In other words, the results suggest that processability theory only accounts for natural speech data, and not elicited data. Although the order derived from the repetition test differed from the order derived from the written tests, they correlated strongly when the repetition test used ungrammatical sentences. This study tentatively concluded that the students could have used their implicit knowledge when answering the written tests, but it is also possible that students used their explicit knowledge when correcting ungrammatical sentences in the repetition test. The difficulty order of grammatical structures derived from this study was not in accord with the order in which the structures appear in junior and senior high school textbooks in Japan. Their correlation was extremely low, which suggests that there is no empirical basis for textbook makers'/writers' policy regarding the ordering of grammar items.
520 $a This study also demonstrated the difficulty of writing items testing the knowledge of the same grammar point that show similar Rasch difficulty estimates. Even though the vocabulary and the sentence positions were carefully controlled and the two items looked parallel to teachers, they often displayed very different difficulty estimates. A questionnaire was administered concerning such items, and the students' responses suggested that they seemed to look at the items differently than teachers and what they notice and how they interpret what they notice strongly influences item difficulty. Teachers or test-writers should be aware that it is difficult to write items that produce similar difficulty estimates and their own intuition or experience might not be the best guide for writing effective grammar test items. It is recommended to pilot test items to get statistical information about item functioning and qualitative data from students using a think-aloud protocol, interviews, or a questionnaire.
590 $a School code: 0225.
650 4 $a Education, Tests and Measurements. $3 1017589
650 4 $a Education, English as a Second Language. $3 1030294
690 $a 0288
690 $a 0441
710 2 $a Temple University. $b CITE/Language Arts. $3 1024010
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 74-02A(E).
790 $a 0225
791 $a Ed.D.
792 $a 2012
793 $a English
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3539484