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Implications of breakfast compositio...

Clark, Clesteen A.

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Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus./
Author:	Clark, Clesteen A.
Description:	207 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1609.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International65-04B.
Subject:	Agriculture, Food Science and Technology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3129471
ISBN:	0496767300

Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Clark, Clesteen A.

Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. - 207 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1609.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2004.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a growing public health problem, comprising 90--95% of all cases of people who have diabetes in the U.S. Dietary treatment is an integral component of the medical management of this condition. Research suggests that breakfast meal composition affects glycemic, insulinemic and free fatty acid (FFA) responses. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of soluble fiber versus carbohydrate load in the breakfast meal on postprandial glucose, insulin and FFA after a standardized midday meal. In a randomized, cross-over design, 45 male and female subjects with Type 2 DM consumed 3 different breakfast meals: (A) a high glycemic load consisting of farina plus a placebo drink; (B) a high glycemic load consisting of farina with a psyllium drink administered 20 minutes post-breakfast, and (C) a low glycemic load consisting of a psyllium loop cereal plus placebo drink. A standardized lunch was consumed 3.5 hours after the breakfast meal. Blood concentrations and area under the curve (AUC) values were measured for the morning and afternoon periods. These data indicated that a high glycemic load (Breakfasts A & B) resulted in significantly greater glucose and insulin AUC values (p < 0.05) post-breakfast as compared to a low glycemic load (Breakfast C). FFA AUC values were significantly lower when subjects consumed Breakfasts A & B versus Breakfast C (p < 0.05). After the midday lunch meal, glucose AUC values were similar for all three breakfast types. Insulin AUC values were similar with Breakfasts A and B, as were Breakfasts B and C, but only Breakfasts A and C were significantly different (p < 0.05). FFA AUC values were unaffected by breakfast type. These data suggest that reducing the glycemic load at breakfast, independent of the fiber component improves the breakfast postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in individuals with Type 2 DM. This influence however, did not result in a second meal effect after the standardized mid-day lunch meal. This study provides support for the American Diabetes Association's guidelines that the amount of carbohydrate, or glycemic load, is more important than the source of carbohydrate in the management of Type 2 DM.

ISBN: 0496767300Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017813
Agriculture, Food Science and Technology.

Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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245 1 0 $a Implications of breakfast composition on mid-day meal metabolic responses in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
300 $a 207 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 65-04, Section: B, page: 1609.
500 $a Adviser: Norman G. Hord.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2004.
520 $a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a growing public health problem, comprising 90--95% of all cases of people who have diabetes in the U.S. Dietary treatment is an integral component of the medical management of this condition. Research suggests that breakfast meal composition affects glycemic, insulinemic and free fatty acid (FFA) responses. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of soluble fiber versus carbohydrate load in the breakfast meal on postprandial glucose, insulin and FFA after a standardized midday meal. In a randomized, cross-over design, 45 male and female subjects with Type 2 DM consumed 3 different breakfast meals: (A) a high glycemic load consisting of farina plus a placebo drink; (B) a high glycemic load consisting of farina with a psyllium drink administered 20 minutes post-breakfast, and (C) a low glycemic load consisting of a psyllium loop cereal plus placebo drink. A standardized lunch was consumed 3.5 hours after the breakfast meal. Blood concentrations and area under the curve (AUC) values were measured for the morning and afternoon periods. These data indicated that a high glycemic load (Breakfasts A & B) resulted in significantly greater glucose and insulin AUC values (p < 0.05) post-breakfast as compared to a low glycemic load (Breakfast C). FFA AUC values were significantly lower when subjects consumed Breakfasts A & B versus Breakfast C (p < 0.05). After the midday lunch meal, glucose AUC values were similar for all three breakfast types. Insulin AUC values were similar with Breakfasts A and B, as were Breakfasts B and C, but only Breakfasts A and C were significantly different (p < 0.05). FFA AUC values were unaffected by breakfast type. These data suggest that reducing the glycemic load at breakfast, independent of the fiber component improves the breakfast postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in individuals with Type 2 DM. This influence however, did not result in a second meal effect after the standardized mid-day lunch meal. This study provides support for the American Diabetes Association's guidelines that the amount of carbohydrate, or glycemic load, is more important than the source of carbohydrate in the management of Type 2 DM.
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