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JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guin...

Czarnecki, Jill Marie.

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JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania./
Author:	Czarnecki, Jill Marie.
Description:	129 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-07, Section: A, page: 2546.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International64-07A.
Subject:	Anthropology, Physical. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3097683
ISBN:	0496452967

JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania.
Czarnecki, Jill Marie.

JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania. - 129 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-07, Section: A, page: 2546.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Temple University, 2003.

Oceania has been extensively studied in an attempt to better understand the peopling of this region. The disciplines that have dominated these studies include archaeology, linguistics, and human genetics. Despite the large body of data that has been amassed, there is still debate over two issues: the relationship between Aboriginal Australians and New Guinea highlanders, and the nature of Polynesian colonization. Therefore, novel approaches are needed in order to resolve these debates. Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) has proven useful as a virologic marker of human migration based on its geographically correlated strain variation and apparent stability over many millennia. In an attempt to clarify the events leading to the peopling of Oceania, JCV genotype distribution data from Papua New Guinea (PNG) was generated and JCV sequence data was used to phylogenetically compare PNG to worldwide strains. Samples were collected from coastal and highland provinces representing 33 different villages and both Austronesian and non-Austronesian speakers. Two hundred twenty-nine samples were partially sequenced for genotyping and 11 samples were sequenced in their entirety for phylogenetic analysis. The results show a high prevalence of Type 8B in coastal areas and a nearly even distribution of Types 8A and 8B in the highland provinces. Type 2E is in low frequency in both regions. The Southeast Asian genotype (Type 7A) was not found in these samples. The Type 8 group is phylogenetically the oldest in Asia. Type 8A, apparently restricted to PNG, likely entered with the earliest settlers, possibly those who also colonized Australia. While closely related phylogenetically, Type 8B appears to represent a second ancient migration into New Guinea after Type 8A, which then spread into Western Melanesia. Although it has not yet been resolved whether Type 2E or Type 7A represents the Austronesian expansion occurring approximately 3,500 years ago, the distribution data does imply that Polynesian populations reflect both an indigenous Melanesian and Asian contribution. These data, together with studies throughout the region, provide new insight into the peopling of Oceania.

ISBN: 0496452967Subjects--Topical Terms:

877524
Anthropology, Physical.

JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania.
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100 1 $a Czarnecki, Jill Marie. $3 1927924
245 1 0 $a JC virus genotypes in Papua New Guinea: Implications for the peopling of Oceania.
300 $a 129 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 64-07, Section: A, page: 2546.
500 $a Chair: Jonathan S. Friedlaender.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Temple University, 2003.
520 $a Oceania has been extensively studied in an attempt to better understand the peopling of this region. The disciplines that have dominated these studies include archaeology, linguistics, and human genetics. Despite the large body of data that has been amassed, there is still debate over two issues: the relationship between Aboriginal Australians and New Guinea highlanders, and the nature of Polynesian colonization. Therefore, novel approaches are needed in order to resolve these debates. Human polyomavirus JC (JCV) has proven useful as a virologic marker of human migration based on its geographically correlated strain variation and apparent stability over many millennia. In an attempt to clarify the events leading to the peopling of Oceania, JCV genotype distribution data from Papua New Guinea (PNG) was generated and JCV sequence data was used to phylogenetically compare PNG to worldwide strains. Samples were collected from coastal and highland provinces representing 33 different villages and both Austronesian and non-Austronesian speakers. Two hundred twenty-nine samples were partially sequenced for genotyping and 11 samples were sequenced in their entirety for phylogenetic analysis. The results show a high prevalence of Type 8B in coastal areas and a nearly even distribution of Types 8A and 8B in the highland provinces. Type 2E is in low frequency in both regions. The Southeast Asian genotype (Type 7A) was not found in these samples. The Type 8 group is phylogenetically the oldest in Asia. Type 8A, apparently restricted to PNG, likely entered with the earliest settlers, possibly those who also colonized Australia. While closely related phylogenetically, Type 8B appears to represent a second ancient migration into New Guinea after Type 8A, which then spread into Western Melanesia. Although it has not yet been resolved whether Type 2E or Type 7A represents the Austronesian expansion occurring approximately 3,500 years ago, the distribution data does imply that Polynesian populations reflect both an indigenous Melanesian and Asian contribution. These data, together with studies throughout the region, provide new insight into the peopling of Oceania.
590 $a School code: 0225.
650 4 $a Anthropology, Physical. $3 877524
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710 2 0 $a Temple University. $3 959342
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 64-07A.
790 1 0 $a Friedlaender, Jonathan S., $e advisor
790 $a 0225
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2003
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3097683