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Morphological, physiological, and bi...

Matzek, Virginia.

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Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants.

Record Type:	Electronic resources : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants./
Author:	Matzek, Virginia.
Description:	115 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2407.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-05B.
Subject:	Biology, Ecology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3219335
ISBN:	9780542707704

Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants.
Matzek, Virginia.

Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants. - 115 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2407.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2006.

The relative growth rate (RGR) of plants is an important factor in the outcome of resource competition between species, and therefore the structure and organization of plant communities. Across broad taxonomic groupings, morphological traits like the specific leaf area (SLA) have often been found to drive patterns of growth rate. However, there are large differences in inherent growth rate between species of similar leaf morphology, as well as differences in growth rate brought on by variation in nutrition. Moreover, it has recently been hypothesized, based on results in animals, that fast growth requires relatively greater investment in phosphorus-rich RNA, which may lead to lower nitrogen: phosphorus stoichiometries of fast-growing organisms. This growth-rate hypothesis has not been widely tested in plants. I investigated morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in 14 species in the genus Pinus, grown under factorial combinations of high and low nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Seven of these species were determined a priori to be fast-growers, and the rest slow-growers. I found that fast-growers were more responsive to nutrient availability, while RGR in slow-growers was more constant. Fast-growers hadhigher SLA, but higher rates of photosynthesis and nutrient uptake also contributed to their higher growth rate, especially at high nutrient supply. Fast-growers also had higher photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE). This higher PNUE could not be explained by differential N allocation to Rubisco or thylakoid proteins, although N allocation had a role in differentiating the PNUE of low-nitrogen vs. high-nitrogen plants. Additionally, I found that the growth-rate hypothesis was not supported by results of this experiment. RNA content was more dependent on N supply than P supply, and protein:RNA ratios were relatively constant across a wide range of growth rates and nutrient concentrations. This suggests that ribosomal RNA content is adapted to protein demand, rather than being dictated by the supply of P. Additionally, tissue stoichiometry reflected the stoichiometry of nutrient supply, rather than growth rate.

ISBN: 9780542707704Subjects--Topical Terms:

1017726
Biology, Ecology.

Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants.
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100 1 $a Matzek, Virginia. $3 1917806
245 1 0 $a Morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in plants.
300 $a 115 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: B, page: 2407.
500 $a Adviser: Peter Vitousek.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2006.
520 $a The relative growth rate (RGR) of plants is an important factor in the outcome of resource competition between species, and therefore the structure and organization of plant communities. Across broad taxonomic groupings, morphological traits like the specific leaf area (SLA) have often been found to drive patterns of growth rate. However, there are large differences in inherent growth rate between species of similar leaf morphology, as well as differences in growth rate brought on by variation in nutrition. Moreover, it has recently been hypothesized, based on results in animals, that fast growth requires relatively greater investment in phosphorus-rich RNA, which may lead to lower nitrogen: phosphorus stoichiometries of fast-growing organisms. This growth-rate hypothesis has not been widely tested in plants. I investigated morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects of growth rate in 14 species in the genus Pinus, grown under factorial combinations of high and low nitrogen and phosphorus supply. Seven of these species were determined a priori to be fast-growers, and the rest slow-growers. I found that fast-growers were more responsive to nutrient availability, while RGR in slow-growers was more constant. Fast-growers hadhigher SLA, but higher rates of photosynthesis and nutrient uptake also contributed to their higher growth rate, especially at high nutrient supply. Fast-growers also had higher photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE). This higher PNUE could not be explained by differential N allocation to Rubisco or thylakoid proteins, although N allocation had a role in differentiating the PNUE of low-nitrogen vs. high-nitrogen plants. Additionally, I found that the growth-rate hypothesis was not supported by results of this experiment. RNA content was more dependent on N supply than P supply, and protein:RNA ratios were relatively constant across a wide range of growth rates and nutrient concentrations. This suggests that ribosomal RNA content is adapted to protein demand, rather than being dictated by the supply of P. Additionally, tissue stoichiometry reflected the stoichiometry of nutrient supply, rather than growth rate.
590 $a School code: 0212.
650 4 $a Biology, Ecology. $3 1017726
650 4 $a Chemistry, Biochemistry. $3 1017722
650 4 $a Biology, Plant Physiology. $3 1017865
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710 2 0 $a Stanford University. $3 754827
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 67-05B.
790 1 0 $a Vitousek, Peter, $e advisor
790 $a 0212
791 $a Ph.D.
792 $a 2006
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3219335